Diet is an essential factor in shaping the performance of the equine, its health, and welfare. This paper examines the multidimensional effects of dietary management in horses, with particular attention to the association between nutrient intake and physiological, behavioural, and metabolic outcomes. An appropriate diet is necessary because it supports energy metabolism, muscle growth, and stamina, which are essential for the performance of both athletic and working horses. Moreover, balanced meals have benefits: they are likely not only to positively affect the immune system but also to improve intestinal health, thereby reducing the risk of certain metabolic diseases that directly affect the duration and quality of life. The study examines the effects of macronutrients, micronutrients, and feeding habits, and how deficiencies or imbalances may contribute to poor performance, disease susceptibility, and behavioural challenges. The study presents the necessity of specialised feeding plans based on a horse's age, workload, and physiological state. It draws on findings from existing research, case-study observations, and field practices. The findings show that planned nutritional interventions not only enhance physical performance but also promote mental health, decrease stress, and promote recovery. This comprehensive guide to equine nutrition offers practical advice for veterinarians, trainers, and horse owners to maximise health measures, improve performance indices, and provide environmentally sustainable welfare. The study proposes that, to ensure optimal performance and long-term health and well-being of equine populations, evidence-based nutritional solutions are needed.
Keywords: Nutrition (NN), Equine Performance (EP), Health (HH), Well-Being (WB)
Keywords: horses, chronic recurrent cecal impaction, surgical treatment enlargement cecocolic orifice, long-term survival
